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Bio 111 Chapter one 1. What is the correct order for the hierarchy of biological organization from the least to the most complex?  molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem 2.

2013-2014 Biology Semester 1 Final Exam Study Guide Answer Key. Chapter 1 Biology in the 21st Century. What is biology the study of? Biology is the study. CLEP Biology Study Guide 2018-2019: CLEP Biology Exam Prep and Practice Test Questions by CLEP Exam Prep Team You probably think this is a typical study guide, however, Accepted, Inc.’s unofficial CLEP Biology Study Guide 2018 - 2019: CLEP Biology Exam Prep and Practice Test Questions isn’t like other study guides.

Which of the following statements is true about chemical elements in an ecosystem?  They recycle within the ecosystem, being constantly reused. Which of the following attributes is common to both prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?  the use of an external membrane to regulate the passage of materials from and to surrounding 4. All of the individuals of the same species living within a specified area is known as a  population. All of the organisms inhabiting a particular ecosystem are known as  a biological community.

Membrane-enclosed components of cells that carry out specialized functions are  organelles 7. Which taxonomic domain includes multicellular photosynthetic organisms? Living things are divided into three different domains.

Which of these domains are classified as prokaryotes?  Bacteria and Archaea 9. A single-celled organism isolated from a deep-sea, hot thermal vent was found to have a cell wall but lacked a nucleus. This organism is most likely a member of which of the following domains?  Archaea 10. Strong evidence in support of the common ancestry of all life comes from  the existence of a nearly universal genetic code. Charles Darwin proposed that 'descent with modification' resulted when organisms of a particular species become adapted to their environment because they possess  heritable traits that enhance their survival and reproductive success in the local environment.

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Which of these individuals is likely to be most successful in an evolutionary sense?  an organism that dies after five days of life but leaves 10 offspring, all of whom survive to reproduce 13.

Which of the following is a distinguishing characteristic of fungi?  obtaining nutrients by absorbing them from the environment 14. Imagine there is a species-specific fishing regulation that mandates only adult fish of this species that are 75 cm or longer may be kept and shorter fish must be released. Based on your knowledge of natural selection, you would predict that the average length of the adult fish population will  gradually decline.

Which of the following is true of a scientific theory?  It generates testable hypotheses, is supported by a large body of evidence, and is broad in scope.

In order for a hypothesis to be used in science, which of the following must be true?  The hypothesis is testable and falsifiable. In her studies of chimpanzee behavior, Jane Goodall collected both qualitative and quantitative data. Which of the following is an example of quantitative data?

 Mothers and their infants typically nap for two to three hours each afternoon. Which of the following is a requirement for a good scientific hypothesis?  It must lead to testable predictions. Which of the following is the best description of a control for an experiment?  The control group is matched with the experimental group except for the one experimental variable. Which of the following is an example of inductive reasoning?

 Hundreds of cultures of a unicellular alga are incubated in the presence of light, and in all of the samples the cells congregate on the side of the culture toward the light. Therefore, the alga is phototactic (attracted to light). Which of the following constitutes a controlled experiment? Growing one set of ten seedlings under white light and one set of the same type of seedlings under red light and measuring their growth over a period of two weeks Which of the following best demonstrates the unity among all organisms?

 DNA structure and function Which of these examples illustrates deductive reasoning?  You learned in elementary school that as temperature drops, liquids change into solid form. You are given an unfamiliar liquid and hypothesize that it will become solid if you put it in the freezer. Select the correct statement about the process of scientific inquiry.  It is possible to test hypotheses, such as those involving historical events, without conducting experiments. The universal genetic language of DNA is common to virtually all organisms on Earth, however diverse.

What is the best explanation for this fact?  All living things share a common genetic language of DNA because they share a common ancestry. Which of the following statements is not true of scientific experiments?  They must occur under carefully controlled conditions found in a laboratory. Which of the following statements is true of scientific experiments?

 They yield useful results regardless of whether the hypothesis is supported or rejected.  They must be well documented. In an experiment, investigators try to control all of the variables except one—the one that tests the hypothesis. Which of the following reasons is the primary rationale for controlling variables in an experiment?  To eliminate alternative explanations for the results of an experiment 4. Which of the following statements could not be supported or rejected by a scientific experiment?  The first living cells on Earth came from outer space 5.

Which of the following statements is true of a hypothesis?  A hypothesis can be supported or rejected through experimentation. Which of the following variables did Pasteur change in his experiment to test the hypothesis of spontaneous generation  The shape of the flask 7. In Pasteur's experiment to test the hypothesis of spontaneous generation, why did he boil the broth in both flasks?  To kill any existing organisms in the broth 8.

What results from the Zonosemata experiment support the sub-hypothesis that wing waving alone reduces predation by jumping spiders?  Zonosemata flies with housefly wings are attacked less frequently.

Suppose that Zonosemata flies whose own wings had been clipped and reattached were attacked more frequently than untreated Zonosemata flies. How would this result affect the reliability of the other experimental results?  All results for the experimental groups involving wing surgery would be invalid 10. Which of the following is an example of 'unity in diversity'? O All organisms, including prokaryotes and eukaryotes, use essentially the same genetic code.

O The structure of DNA is the same in all organisms. O The forelimbs of all mammals have the same basic structure, modified for different environments.

No amino acid molecule by itself can speed up or catalyze reactions between other molecules; however, when amino acids are joined together to make a protein with catalytic properties, the new structure (enzymatic protein) can speed up the rate of a specific chemical reaction. What does this illustrate?  emergent properties 12. Select the most accurate statement about the interaction between a tree and its physical environment.

 A tree and its physical environment alter each other. Which example illustrates a property that emerges at the community level?

 Metabolic cooperation between prokaryotic cells forms a biofilm that allows bacterial colonies to transport nutrients and wastes. Biofilms may damage industrial equipment or cause tooth decay. Competition is central to the theory of natural selection. Why does competition occur?

 Organisms typically produce too many offspring and resources are limited. How does DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) encode information?

 Information is encoded in the sequence of nucleotides. Which of the following statements best distinguishes hypotheses from theories in science?  Hypotheses usually are relatively narrow in scope; theories have broad explanatory power. 1.Organisms with prokaryotic cells are separated into two domains, Bacteria and Archaea. Bacteria are the most diverse and widespread prokaryotes 3. Most of the prokaryotes known as archaea live in extreme environments, such as salty lakes. All organisms with eukaryotic cells are grouped in domain Eukarya.

Protists are a diverse collection of mostly single-celled eukaryotes, which are sorted into several kingdoms to reflect their evolutionary relationships. Kingdom Plantae consists of multicellular eukaryotes that produce their food by photosynthesis. Kingdom Fungi includes eukaryotic organisms that mostly decompose organic wastes and absorb nutrients into their cells. Kingdom Animalia consists of multicellular eukaryotes that obtain their food by ingesting (eating) other organisms. DNA is composed of building blocks called.

 nucleotides In eukaryotic cells DNA has the appearance of a.  double helix skip question 11,9 Define population,family,community, and ecosystem, a biological system, biological community, and biosphere Define organs,tissues,molecule Familiarize taxomic group bacteria, eukarya,plantae,archaea,and fungi Chapter two 1. A substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by ordinary chemical procedures is a(n). Given what you know about the human body, what do you think accounts for the high percentage of oxygen (65.0%)?  The human body is made up mainly of water, and there is one oxygen atom in every water molecule.

Which of the following best describes the relationship between the atoms described in the figure?  They are isotopes 4. How many neutrons are present in the nucleus of a phosphorus-32 (32P) atom (see the figure)? (quesion,4,5)  17 5. How many electrons does an atom of sulfur have in its valence shell (see the figure)? Which of the following subatomic particles always has a positive charge? In what way are elements in the same column of the periodic table the same?

 They have the same number of electrons in their valence shell. Two atoms that have the same mass number must have the same  number of protons + neutrons. Fluorine has an atomic number of 9 and a mass number of 19. How many electrons are needed to complete the valence shell of a fluorine atom?

Which drawing in the figure depicts the electron configuration of an atom capable of forming three covalent bonds with other atoms? Which one of the atoms shown would be most likely to form a cation with a charge of +1? A) b) c) d) e)  b 12.

Which one of the atoms shown would be most likely to form an anion with a charge of -1? The type of bonding and the numbers of covalent bonds an atom can form with other atoms are determined by.  the number of unpaired electrons in the valence shell 14. Nitrogen (N) is much more electronegative than hydrogen (H). Which of the following statements about the atoms in ammonia (NH3) is correct?  Each hydrogen atom has a partial positive charge; the nitrogen atom has a partial negative charge 15. What is the difference between covalent bonds and ionic bonds?

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 Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms; ionic bonds involve the electrical attraction between atoms. How many electron pairs are shared between carbon atoms in a molecule that has the formula C 2H4? Which of the following would be regarded as compounds?

 H2O and CH4, but not O2 18. What is the maximum number of hydrogen atoms that can be covalently bonded in a molecule containing two carbon atoms? The slight negative charge at one end of one water molecule is attracted to the slight positive charge of another water molecule. What is this attraction called?  a hydrogen bond 20.

Chemical equilibrium is reached when.  the forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate so that the concentrations of reactants 21. And products remain the same Which of the following is a trace element required by most living organisms?  Magnesium The nucleus of a nitrogen atom contains 7 neutrons and 7 protons. Which of the following is a correct statement concerning nitrogen?

 The nitrogen atom has a mass number of 14 and an atomic number of 7. How many grams would be equal to 1 mol of the compound shown in the figure? (carbon = 12, oxygen = 16, hydrogen = 1) (question23,24)  60 24. How many grams of the compound in the figure would be required to make 2.5 L of a 1 M solution? (carbon = 12, oxygen = 16, hydrogen = 1)  150 25. The amount of energy that must be absorbed or lost to raise or lower the temperature of 1 g of liquid water by 1°C.  is 1 calorie Deine isotope,proton,molecule,compound, element,electron,atom,neutron,prton.